kaum
hardly
almost not; scarcely
Learn kaum with free cards in 30 seconds.
10 minutes a day can add up to 3,000 words a year. Spaced flashcards bring each word back when it is time to remember it.
kaum fits your vocabulary level. Check your level if you are not sure.

How many words can you learn in a year?
If you learn 8-10 new words a day and review them regularly with flashcards, you can cover about 3,000 words in a year.
ZapomniEnglish brings words back at the right time: difficult words appear more often, familiar words less often.
Not sure what pace to start with? Check your vocabulary level and we will suggest words for your level.
We count words you add to learning and review regularly. Active use grows gradually and depends on practice.
| Pace | Per day | Per year | Best for |
|---|---|---|---|
| Easy | 3 words | ≈ 1,100 words | starting without pressure |
| Balanced | 5 words | ≈ 1,800 words | steady growth |
| Recommended | 8 words | ≈ 2,900 words | around 3,000 words a year |
| Fast | 10 words | ≈ 3,650 words | visible vocabulary growth |
| Intensive | 15 words | ≈ 5,500 words | strong motivation |
kaum with English translation
kaum usage examples
Usage examples will appear here with translation and context.
Learn by topic
kaum belongs to the topic "Top 2500". Start with a short 7-word set so the word is easier to remember in context.
kaum synonyms
What's the difference between kaum / fast nicht / nahezu nicht / kaum noch / hart / schwer
hardly — almost not; scarcely
Almost not; emphasizes that something is nearly absent or nearly does not happen.
Ich habe fast nicht geschlafen.
Я почти не спал.
Almost not; more formal and less conversational than "kaum."
Die Wirkung des Medikaments war nahezu nicht spürbar.
Эффект лекарства был почти неощутим.
Barely any more; emphasizes that something still exists but only to a very small degree.
Er kann kaum noch laufen.
Он уже почти не может ходить.
Hard, firm; does not mean "hardly" and is a homonym rather than a meaning-based synonym.
Der Boden ist sehr hart.
Пол очень твёрдый.
Heavy, difficult; can relate to difficulty, but does not directly mean "hardly."
Die Aufgabe ist schwer.
Задание трудное.
Laborious, effortful; describes something as requiring effort, not the degree of "hardly."
Die Arbeit war sehr mühsam.
Работа была очень утомительной.
What's the difference
More related word breakdowns
Short comparisons help you choose the right word by meaning, context, and typical examples.

В чем разница в английском между carry, wear, tote и lug
Carry — нести или иметь при себе, wear — носить на теле, tote — таскать с собой, lug — тащить тяжёлое с усилием.

В чем разница в английском между whole, entire, complete и intact
Разница между whole, entire, complete и intact: целое, весь объем, завершенность и сохранность без повреждений.

В чем разница в английском между choose, pick, select и opt for
Разница между choose, pick, select и opt for: обычный выбор, разговорный выбор, выбор из списка и осознанное предпочтение.
Related words and lists for kaum
How to pronounce kaum and what this word means
kaum translation: hardly. This page includes translation, pronunciation, transcription, audio, usage examples and related words.
how to pronounce kaum
/kaʊ̯m/
kaum translation
hardly
kaum transcription
/kaʊ̯m/
How this dictionary entry is reviewed
ZapomniEnglish prepares dictionary data automatically, then the editorial workflow checks high-frequency words, top lists, and pages that already receive search impressions first.
Questions about this word
kaum meaning: what does it mean?
fast nicht; nur sehr wenig
kaum pronunciation: how do you pronounce it?
kaum is pronounced as /kaʊ̯m/. Audio is available on this page when the word has a recording.
Learn kaum in your vocabulary
Add this word to practice, repeat it with audio, examples and your own word lists.