Learning language
Translation language
adverb · B1 · very often · UK/US

kaum

hardly

Meaning of kaum

almost not; scarcely

Learn kaum with free cards in 30 seconds.

Check vocabulary level

10 minutes a day can add up to 3,000 words a year. Spaced flashcards bring each word back when it is time to remember it.

Free flashcards·10,000+ words in the database·scheduled reviews
How important is this word
B1very often

kaum fits your vocabulary level. Check your level if you are not sure.

Pronunciation
German/kaʊ̯m/
hardly
Active review

How many words can you learn in a year?

If you learn 8-10 new words a day and review them regularly with flashcards, you can cover about 3,000 words in a year.

ZapomniEnglish brings words back at the right time: difficult words appear more often, familiar words less often.

Not sure what pace to start with? Check your vocabulary level and we will suggest words for your level.

We count words you add to learning and review regularly. Active use grows gradually and depends on practice.

How many words you can add to active review
PacePer dayPer yearBest for
Easy3 words≈ 1,100 wordsstarting without pressure
Balanced5 words≈ 1,800 wordssteady growth
Recommended8 words≈ 2,900 wordsaround 3,000 words a year
Fast10 words≈ 3,650 wordsvisible vocabulary growth
Intensive15 words≈ 5,500 wordsstrong motivation

kaum with English translation

kaum usage examples

Usage examples will appear here with translation and context.

Learn by topic

kaum belongs to the topic "Top 2500". Start with a short 7-word set so the word is easier to remember in context.

kaumhardly
onlineonline
zusammentogether
oftoften
seltenrarely
frühearly
spätlate

kaum synonyms

Related word breakdowns

What's the difference between kaum / fast nicht / nahezu nicht / kaum noch / hart / schwer

🇩🇪German
kaum

hardly — almost not; scarcely

B1Very Often
F
🇩🇪German
fast nicht

Almost not; emphasizes that something is nearly absent or nearly does not happen.

B1Often

Ich habe fast nicht geschlafen.

Я почти не спал.

N
🇩🇪German
nahezu nicht

Almost not; more formal and less conversational than "kaum."

B1Rarely

Die Wirkung des Medikaments war nahezu nicht spürbar.

Эффект лекарства был почти неощутим.

K
🇩🇪German
kaum noch

Barely any more; emphasizes that something still exists but only to a very small degree.

B1Often

Er kann kaum noch laufen.

Он уже почти не может ходить.

H
🇩🇪German
hart

Hard, firm; does not mean "hardly" and is a homonym rather than a meaning-based synonym.

B1Very Often

Der Boden ist sehr hart.

Пол очень твёрдый.

S
🇩🇪German
schwer

Heavy, difficult; can relate to difficulty, but does not directly mean "hardly."

B1Very Often

Die Aufgabe ist schwer.

Задание трудное.

M
🇩🇪German
mühsam

Laborious, effortful; describes something as requiring effort, not the degree of "hardly."

B1Often

Die Arbeit war sehr mühsam.

Работа была очень утомительной.

What's the difference

Related words and lists for kaum

How to pronounce kaum and what this word means

kaum translation: hardly. This page includes translation, pronunciation, transcription, audio, usage examples and related words.

how to pronounce kaum

/kaʊ̯m/

kaum translation

hardly

kaum transcription

/kaʊ̯m/

How this dictionary entry is reviewed

ZapomniEnglish prepares dictionary data automatically, then the editorial workflow checks high-frequency words, top lists, and pages that already receive search impressions first.

Translation and meaningPronunciation and transcriptionExamples, synonyms, and topics

Questions about this word

kaum meaning: what does it mean?

fast nicht; nur sehr wenig

kaum pronunciation: how do you pronounce it?

kaum is pronounced as /kaʊ̯m/. Audio is available on this page when the word has a recording.

Audio practiceExamplesSmart repeats

Learn kaum in your vocabulary

Add this word to practice, repeat it with audio, examples and your own word lists.